what is neurolink? || Why Elon Musk Created Neuralink ??

 

  What is neurolink?

                        Why Elon Musk Created Neuralink?

 So what is Neuralink? Back in 2015, Professor Pedram Mohseni andRudolph J. Nudo created a startup called ‘NeuraLink’. These pair of neurotech researchers had developeda device that could potentially help people suffering from brain injuries. Investors didn’t show a great deal of interest,but in 2016 a mysterious unknown investor came along with an offer to purchase the rightsto the name, Neuralink, for tens of thousands of dollars. They sold, and that investor later turnedout to be multi billionaire, Elon Musk. Fast forward to the 27th of March 2017 andMusk announces that he will be backing a new brain-computer interface venture, Neuralink. The ultimate goal of this new company is tomerge man with machine, fusing human intelligence with artificial intelligence to bring humanityup to a higher level of cognitive reasoning. Without this technology, Musk argues thathumans will be unable to keep pace with advances in artificial intelligence, and that humanswill become the intellectual equivalent of the house cat. So far, Musk has been calling this brain-computerinterface technology ‘neural lace’. In essence, neural lace is an ultra-thin meshthat is implanted in the skull, and forms a body of electrodes which are able to monitorbrain function. It’s not entirely clear at this time howfar along the technology is in its development phase. But eventually, neural lace should enablehumans to upload or download information directly from a computer. Just like Neo from The Matrix, in a matterof minutes you too could proclaim "I know Kung Fu”. In order to insert neural lace, a tiny needlewhich contains the rolled up mesh is placed inside the skull, whereby the mesh is theninjected. The mesh unravels upon injection, encompassingthe brain. Gradually, the neural lace will integrateitself with the human brain, creating a perfect symbiosis between man and machine. So far, neural lace has been tested on livemice. Upon autopsy, researchers found little negativeconsequences associated with the insertion of this mesh-like structure. However, I’m not sure if I want to be thefirst human volunteer. This technology sounds amazing. The ability to hook up our brains with machinesand thereby enhance human intelligence could open up whole new worlds of possibilitiesfor our species. It could even be the catalyst for the almostmythical technological Singularity. More on this another time. However, some critics are raising concernsabout the ethical and real world implications and consequences of this technology. For example, in a world where everyone’sthoughts are connected to the internet, how would this affect our personal privacy? Would authoritarian governments seize uponthe opportunity to spy on us or even take control of our minds? And what about computer hackers? Would they be able to exploit vulnerabilitiesin the software of our minds, or inject viruses directly into our consciousness? All of this remains to be seen. Until then, let’s just be content that Musk’sNeuralink may be able to help the disabled and those suffering from brain injuries tolead more productive and happier lives in the not too distant future. Thank you so much for watching this video. If you enjoyed it, please make sure to subscribe and leave a like.. Here is a question for you! Do you think you will hook up your brain directlywith a computer anytime soon or do you think you will just stick with using your Smartphone for now?  

Elon musk and the team at neurolink are setting out to do but is this the future of humanity or just a dream let's take a closer look at neural link i'm  Aniket chugh welcome to undecided   so what is neuralink well it's a company that's focused on building out a type of brain computer interface or bci which can have many different names and classifications but it all boils down to building an interface that can read and interpret the signals given off by the neurons firing away in our brains this type of research goes all the way back to 1924 when hans berger a german psychiatrist used electro  encephalography or eeg to record human brain activity it's a process that uses electrodes to measure the electrical activity of the brain the first tests were probably a little uncomfortable given that he inserted wires under the patient's scalp to make the recording thankfully these were later replaced by attaching silver foils to the outside of the head but imagine how those first patients felt when they found that bed out it wasn't until 1973 that the term bci was coined by ucla professor jacques vidal in a 1977 experiment he was able to use an eeg to control an object on a computer screen and move it around a maze since that time there have been quite a few different approaches and advancements made in how to read signals from the brain like being able to map motor cortex neurons to control a robotic arm which is something that was demonstrated in the 1980s with rhesus macaque monkeys and in some late 1990s research at the university of california berkeley they were able to reproduce images seen by cats by deciphering their neuron activity in the early 2000s 16 patients received a second generation visual cortex electrode implant to partially restore the ability to seize shades of light so you can start to see why so many people are excited by bci research there are three basic forms of bci invasive partially invasive and non-invasive the electrode implants that were attached to the visual cortex would be considered invasive partially invasive is when an implant is placed inside the skull but rests outside the brain and doesn't intrude into it and something like an eeg that attaches to the outside of the scalp is non-invasive on that scale neural link would be considered invasive but how does it work well it all starts with neural links link which is a sealed device about millimeters in diameter and eight millimeters tall inside is a little computer that processes stimulates and transmits neural signals extending from the coin-shaped link are a series of neural threads with multiple probes and electrodes which are carefully threaded into the brain this invasive approach can take a far more accurate reading of brain activity than a non-invasive approach there's an analogy that constantly comes up around this it's like a stadium where each seat is a neuron firing off and making noise an eeg is like being outside the stadium and trying to understand what's going on with the game inside you can only really tell if a team scored or something exciting happened but if you move inside the stadium the voices become clearer and you can start to make more sense of the play-by-play move even closer and you eventually can ask a specific neuron what they think of the game built into the neural link system is the ability to track things like orientation temperature and pressure it's able to track a lot of the same things that your phone and smartwatch can do or as elon put it it's more complicated than this but it's in a lot of ways it's kind of like a fitbit in your skull with tiny wires the rationale behind collecting all this extra data beyond just what the neurons are doing is that combining all of that collected data will someday unlock the ability to predict early signs of dangerous conditions like a stroke or heart attack now it can also charge inductively like your phone or watch so it should be easy to top off the charge every day without physical wires needing to be hooked through the body.

 

but it's how they install the link that's absolutely amazing they designed a robot that can complete the very delicate threading procedure the incredible small size and detail work that's needed to be done is more than a human can pull off reliably so automated robotics are necessary to do this quickly and safely the ultimate goal is an automated surgery that can happen in less than an hour and don't worry i won't get graphic with the actual details of the procedure i don't like that stuff myself but entails opening a small flap of your scalp drilling a small hole through the skull threading the electrodes and inserting the link to fill the hole after sealing the flap of skin there's no sign that you've had the procedure done at all and during the demonstration they put on last year they showed a couple of pigs one with an active neural link and the other who had one removed to show how safe it could be the neural link in the active pig was connected to the neurons that controlled the snout so they were playing real-time audio signals to represent the data that they were reading from the firing neurons so on the screen you can see uh each each of the spikes from the 1024 electrodes and and then if you if she yeah she shuffles around touches this knot in the ground or you kind of feed her some food pigs low food then uh you can see the neurons um will fire much more than when you're not touching this now they also demonstrated being able to predict the location of the pig's limbs by interpreting the neural data that the link was receiving with pretty high accuracy being able to read and understand someone's intentions for moving a limb can potentially be applied to restoring movement to someone with paralysis but it's not just reading data that they're focused on 

They also showed off that each data channel is capable of writing or triggering neurons by giving off an electrical charge again this could be used to treat any number of disorders the overall presentation was impressive and showed off their product design methodology from creating a system that's safe and easy to install unnoticeable when you have one and safe to remove and upgrade later but this is where i need to emphasize what neural link is not but before i get to that i want to touch on security for a minute and no i'm not talking about the security issues of wearing a computer into your brain which neural link is taking a lot of precautions around i'm talking about in our daily lives needing to create more and more complex passwords for the websites and services that we use to stay as secure as possible and today's sponsor nordpass can really help with that nordpass lets you generate super complex and unique passwords for each website that you use and store them all in one place then all you have to remember is your password to nordpass i've been using a password manager for quite a while and i'll never ever go back nordpass makes things even easier by autofilling your usernames and passwords with one click so it makes logging into websites a more seamless experience but one thing that's been incredibly useful to me is being able to share passwords with family and co-workers securely sending a password through email or text message is not a great idea best of all it's powered by nordvpn security professionals who know a thing or two about security for a limited time grab the one year nordpass premium plan with 50 off at nordpass.com undecided or use the code undecided thanks to nordpass and all of you for supporting the channel getting back to what neural link is not it's not a real product yet it's early days of turning decades of research into a working consumer product their initial goal is to use the technology to help those with paralysis and injury gain some independence back being able to think of typing out a message on your phone to actually have it do it think what you want to do on your computer and it just happens it's kind of like telepathy this has a direct link back to the research. 

I mentioned earlier being able to help people with visual auditory or motor control issues is the ultimate goal now neurolink isn't alone in this field by any stretch there are companies like paradromix in austin texas that are also trying to help people with conditions like paralysis or blindness or nurble which is a boston-based startup that's focusing on eeg style devices to control computer interfaces with a set of brain-sensing consumer headphones and even more direct competitor to neural link is bios from the uk which is a similar implant technology to help enhance and improve different health conditions the biggest difference between the other companies in neuralink is really their approach and vision much like every other one of elon's companies there's a bit of controlled chaos with how it's run an engineering focused first principles thinking incredible pressure cooker to push the envelope and delivering on accelerated timelines reportedly created some internal strife especially with some of the people that were more attuned to the methodical scientific research approach after their last public event there were a few notable criticisms of the event for overselling what's possible the mit technology review published an article that called it neuroscience theater since none of what they saw proposed for the future is doable yet and what neuralink did show wasn't anything new or groundbreaking in the realm of bci research while the critiques weren't necessarily wrong many of them missed some of the nuances of the presentation it was stated multiple times in the presentation that this was a recruiting tool for more researchers doctors and engineers getting those who want to be part of building the future excited to join the team it wasn't meant as a demo for the public to get excited about getting one implanted into their heads tomorrow elon also made comparisons to other consumer products like the fact that the neural link has over 100 times more data channels than the next best consumer device going from research to product is a huge leap especially in the medical field we're so we're still years away if not decades away from more of the aspirational things they talked about what neuralink is doing trying to bring a product to market from the lab is a herculean task on the flip side there were also voices that were very impressed by the presentation i am amazed by the rapid progress in the device architecture to enable seamless prototype and pigs the best part was seeing the prediction of movement versus actual movement in terms of the technology 1024 channels is not that impressive these days but the electronics to relay them wirelessly is state of the art and the robotic implementation is nice but this is where i start to get a little conflicted and i'm really looking forward to seeing what you all say about it in the comments because i am torn i get so excited to see what we as a species are capable of when we put our minds to it the fact that we're at the very beginning of the journey towards mapping the human brain and potentially being able to cure diseases and disabilities is awe-inspiring neuralink may not be revolutionizing specific bci research yet but they're tackling the engineering feat of making it a reality but some of what could be a potential down the road is as terrifying as it is amazing what will it mean if we can actually offload memories or load memories that are not even our own i got flashbacks to the movie strange days with angela bassett and ralph finds where there's a black market for memory trading and the line between what's real and what's not like a fabricated memory really starts to be blurred like i said this technology amazes and terrifies me all at the same time for what it could mean decades down the road it doesn't help when i hear that facebook is working on bci technology too yeah i don't want facebook anywhere near my neurons 

If we don't act responsibly and ethically today with the development of this technology and put proper guidelines and controls in place we're creating ripples into the future that could turn into damaging waves or tsunamis 

              What's Going On With Neuralink?

 What if you could plug your brain directly into the internet? Imagine gaming,   watching videos or devouring whole books instantly without needing a screen. That’s the bold new vision being dreamed up at the San Francisco offices of Neuralink,   billionaire polymath Elon Musk’s controversial new venture. But what actually is Neuralink, how does it work,   and what are the real world implications of this mental sci-fi fantasy? Join us today   as we put on our thinking caps and learn the secrets of Elon Musk’s new mind-control device. The first thing you should know is that tech colossus Elon Musk   is terrified about the rise of AI, or artificial intelligence. ‘ AI is overlooked by very smart people,’ he’s said before. That’s because, in his view ‘…very smart people do not   think a computer can ever be as smart as they are. ‘This is hubris, and obviously false.’ Musk’s chief worry is that, left unchecked, Artificial Intelligence will rapidly evolve beyond   humanity’s ability to manage and regulate it. Then, he frets, at some unknowable moment, human   beings will become a mere nuisance to it. And it will dispose of us without hesitation or remorse. Musk’s plan for tackling this existential threat is two-fold. In 2015 he founded OpenAI,   a non-profit consultancy dedicated to researching AI and steering the   wise legislative oversight he feels the industry so desperately needs. And in 2016, he also founded Neuralink. In Musk’s eyes, it isn’t humanity’s raw intellectual horsepower hobbling our ability to   take on the robot master race. The human mind is plenty nimble enough to get by. Instead,   the problem is what Musk colourfully refers to as our human bandwidth. Whether you’re reading a Wikipedia article, or listening to some seductively urbane narrator on a   YouTube video, information is entering your brain at the leisurely pace of about three-to-five words   per second. That’s pretty lame, from a bandwidth point of view. Computers, of course, can digest   entire bookshelves in a fraction of that time, which puts mankind at a very obvious disadvantage. Enter Neuralink, which plans to beef up our bandwidth with a little help from a discreet,   coin-sized intracranial device. And in order to make that happen,,   Neuralink needs to learn how to read minds. 

Here’s how it works. Every time your brain performs a function, nerve cells called neurons chatter to each   other across connections known as synapses. Everything your brain does,   from lifting your right hand to processing the words I’m saying right now,   involves the firing of specific synapses, from specific neurons. Neuralink’s nifty gizmo incorporates over a thousand minuscule electrodes,   each just one tenth of the width of a human hair. These electrodes splay out into your brain tissue,   passing near enough to those chatty neurons to overhear their activity. This activity is beamed directly to an external   device, which will most likely be fitted over your ear. From there,   sophisticated algorithms interpret exactly what you are thinking at any given moment. Here’s the really ambitious bit. Musk and his team reckon they can also send traffic the other way,   broadcasting information back into your brain through the intracranial device. To date the company has set itself relatively modest goals, monitoring and interpreting brain   activity in non-human mammals. Take Gertrude, the pig, who was implanted with a Neuralink   device to help researchers track which neurons fired whenever her snout was lovingly caressed. More famously, Pager the monkey recently went viral after Nerualink posted a video of him   successfully playing retro video game game Pong, using only the power of his adorable monkey mind. 

Pager started the experiment playing Pong the old-fashioned way with a regular joystick.   Neuralink studied which neurons fired whenever Pager moved the joystick up,   and which fired when the joystick moved down. From there, it was comparatively simple for the Neuralink team to read those firing synapses   and broadcast that info from Pager’s mind directly to the console in real time,   without a joystick. Pretty cool. Neuralink’s next trick is to install its intracranial device into a paraplegic human   test subject. It’s hoped this technology might enable those suffering with paralysis   to access the internet without needing their fingers, or clumsy voice controls.   Beyond that, says Musk, it could help tackle other problems, from addiction to blindness. If this all sounds like some utopian sci-fi plot – Neuralink was supposedly   inspired after Musk read a series of Iain   M Banks novels called The Culture – just wait until you hear how it gets put in your skull. Those minuscule filaments we mentioned earlier   are much too fiddly for a regular human doctor to be trusted with. So Neuralink has developed a $20 million robotic neurosurgeon to install those impossibly   tiny filaments into your noggin, in a manner described as akin to that of a sewing machine. Naturally, it’s important the robot surgeon manages this without damaging anything important,   or causing unnecessary blood loss. This obviously means the company   has some high regulatory hurdles to clear before going to market. As Musk himself has put it, ‘Getting FDA approval for implantable devices of   any kind is quite difficult... this will be a slow process.’ The benefits of Neuralink would be striking. Aside from trivial applications,   like online shopping or checking the football scores in the privacy of your own mind,   the power to access the entire internet at will could spark a revolution in human creativity. Still, critics have their doubts.

 

For starters, artificial implants anywhere in the body can and do frequently cause unforeseen   rejection reactions. That’s probably not something you want inside your   skull. Neuralink engineers also need to make sure their device, and especially those wee filaments,   is capable of resisting corrosion in the damp, briny intracranial cavity. There’s also the very real threat of malfunction, or computer viruses, or even malicious hackers.   Nobody wants to deal with a phishing scam happening in the confines of their own skull. Not to mention the labyrinthine moral and ethical implications inherent in this technology,   quite apart from the whole animal testing thing. If a device can read your thoughts, translate and   broadcast them to another Neuralink device, isn’t that telepathy? How will this affect society,   and how we live and interact with each other? What does consent mean in this unprecedented framework? Musk, for his part, is characteristically upbeat about Neuralink’s potential to enhance our lives,   breezily referring to his new brainchild as a ‘fitbit for the skull’.   He’s even said human trials might be on the horizon as early as the   tail end of 2021 – but bear in mind he has a reputation for mad exaggerated timescales. Certainly Musk’s almost limitless financial resources are attracting   top neuroscience talent to the team, and reports from the firm suggest   no piece of equipment is too expensive to meet the CEO’s ambitious deadlines. After all, if we’re going to actually beat the machines, maybe quick thinking is the only way.  

If you have more knowledge about this you can contact me by the contant us coloumn.'

Thanks for watching.....................😊😊

Thanks for reading: what is neurolink? || Why Elon Musk Created Neuralink ?? , Sorry, my English is bad:)